March 30 is recognized around the world as World Bipolar Disorder Awareness Day, a date dedicated to disseminating information and reducing the stigma associated with this complex condition. Neuropsychologist Tami Marchiore, who holds a degree in neuroscience from Harvard University and specializes in cognitive therapy from the Beck Institute, takes this opportunity to clarify some important questions about bipolar disorder (BAD), its distinction, and its potential comorbidity with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). .
Tammy points out that although BAD and ADHD are two different conditions, they share certain symptoms that can complicate the diagnosis. Both may exhibit impulsivity, difficulties with concentration and attention, and emotional dysregulation. However, it is necessary to recognize the peculiarities of each disorder for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Bipolar disorder is characterized by significant changes in mood, energy, and activity, which may affect a person's ability to carry out daily activities. Unlike ADHD, which is characterized by persistent fragmented attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, ADHD includes periods of mania characterized by more severe symptoms, and hypomania, which is less severe than full-blown manic episodes but can still be Leads to risky behavior. Increase energy, increase mental state.
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Impulsivity and emotional dysregulation are common aspects that can confuse the diagnosis between BAD and ADHD. Hypomania, a lesser-known aspect of BAD, manifests as high energy, racing thoughts, irritability and euphoria, which can be misinterpreted as the hyperactivity or lack of attention characteristic of ADHD.
To properly distinguish between these disorders, Tammy stresses the importance of comprehensive evaluation by a mental health professional. Differential diagnosis is crucial, because although they may share certain characteristics, the treatment and management of ADHD and ADHD differ significantly. Treatment for bipolar disorder generally includes the use of mood stabilizers and psychotherapy, while ADHD can be treated with stimulant medications, behavioral therapy, and management strategies.
The specialist emphasizes that in cases of comorbidity, it is necessary to adapt treatment to individual needs, and to treat the symptoms of both disorders simultaneously. Early intervention and close monitoring are essential to help individuals manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life.
Tammy Marchiori concludes by highlighting the importance of an in-depth and empathic understanding of mental disorders, not only for healthcare professionals, but also for the general public, to foster an environment of support and understanding for those affected.
source: Tammy Marchiori | A neuropsychologist specializing in neuroscience at Harvard University, he specializes in cognitive therapy at the Beck Institute. Member of the Brazilian Society of Neuropsychology and the American Psychological Association (APA).